Maanaa Statistik
“Tiiɗɗo” firti ina famɗi waawde waɗde e taarorde peewnde, wonaa “goonga”, wonaa kadi “ina rokka dañal”.
Njaru p 0,05 firti taarorde peewnde ina rokka mbaadi ooñiindi no ɗuum laawol gootol e noogaas. So a ƴeewii taarorɗe noogaas, gootel ina yaltoo e hawritaare.
Ko njaru p woni
PorobabilitematematikPorobabiliteSahaa njeñtudi, immorde 0 haa 1 walla 0% haa 100%. Limoore wootere: 1/37 = 2,70%.Tar fof → yiyde ooñagol mawngol fotngol e ngol yiyaa walla ɓurngol, so taarorde ndee ina peewi. Ko konngol dow keɓe e sikke, wonaa dow taarorde ndee. Njaru plaboratuwaarNjaru pPorobabilite yiyde ɓoornugol mawnungol fotde e ngol yiyaa walla ɓurngol, so tawii taarorde ndee ko peewnde.Tar fof → 0,03 ina wiya: taarorde peewnde ina waɗa ɗum 3% e sahaaji. Wiyaani: ina woodi sahaa 97% taarorde ndee ina ooñii. Konngol ɗiɗmol ngol ina soklii anndude no taarorɗe ooñiiɗelaboratuwaarTaarorde ooñiindeTaarorde nde ŋakkeeli mum ɗi fiisik waɗi cuuɗi goɗɗi ina ɓura yaltude 1/37. Ina woowaa, anndetaake si wonaa e taarle ujunaaje winndaaɗe.Tar fof → keewiri gila fuɗɗoode, e kasino jamaanu kadi ɗe ina pamɗi no feewi, ɗum ina waɗa njeñtudi tiiɗndi gootiri ina ɓuri sikkitaade wonde hawritaare ko yiytere.
Fotndooji keewɗi
Kala ƴeewndo mo waɗataa e taarorde peewnde ina jogii sahaa 5% yaltude e keerol 5%. Ƴeewndo taarorɗe noogaas, gootel ina yaltoo. Ƴeewndo taarorde wootere e waktuuji noogaas, gooto ina yaltoo. Ƴeewndo misal gootal e pecceele cuuɗikuutorɗeSuuduGootel e cuuɗi 37 limoraaɗi e rotoor. Ina noddee kadi: wenndu, kopp.Tar fof → 37, pecceele geɗe taarordetaarordeGeɗal taarordeCeeɓnde cuuɗi takkondirɗi e taarorde, ceertunde e mooftere e tapi.Tar fof → jeegom e pecceele noone tati, huunde ina yaltoo. Safaara ndee ko tabintinde ƴeewndo oo ado ndaarde keɓe ɗee, waɗde ɗum laawol gootol, teeŋtinde e keɓe kese. Ƴeewgol ngol yiyata taarorde “ooñiinde” ko heewi ko ngol tan addi njeñtudi ndii.
Maanaa e mawneeje
Misal mawngal no feewi ina waawi waɗde ooñol tokoosol tiiɗde. Suudu heɓetee 1/36,5 e nder 1/37 ko ŋakkeende goonga, ina heɓa maanaa e taarle miliyoŋaaji seeɗa, kono ina majjina kaalis e njoɓdikaalisNjoɓdiKo pari dañndi ruttata, wiyaa “X e 1” ɓeydaa e pari ruttaaɗo.Tar fof → 35 e 1. Ko woni ko ngam fijoowo ko mawneeje ooñol ngol: hol suudu heɓetee 1/36 walla ko ɓuri, e no foti? Kii-kaare ina anndina ma taarorde ndee; keewal hebgol tan anndinta ma pari ngal.
Doole ƴeewndo
Juumre woɗnde ko majjude ooñol ngol woni toon. E taarle 1 000, suudu heɓetee 1/30 (ooñol mawngol no feewi) ina anndee hedde feccere sahaaji tan e keerol 5%. Keewal misal, wonaa ƴoyre, ina safra ɗum. Hello Keewal Misal ina rokka limooje ɗee.
Keerol nafoowol
Ngam wiyde ooñol ina woodi wona huunde ndaaretee: ƴeewndo suɓaaɗo ado, p < 0,01 wonaa 0,05, waɗtugol e misal ceertungal mawneeje mum nanndi, e keewal hebgol hiisaaɗo e cuuɗi suɓaaɗi 1/34 walla ko ɓuri caggal waɗtugol. Ngol keerol heɓaama laabi seeɗa e taariik fijo ngo, alaa hay laawol, no doggole renndo kollirta, e taarorde jamaanu aynaande.
Naamne
Aada gila duuɓi 1920. Alaa ko ɗum ceerti; 0,01 ko keerol ɓurngol haanude so aɗa ƴeewa taarorɗe keewɗe.
Ina sikkitii wonde ina rokka njeñtuɗi fotɗi. Ina waawi wonde ko kurupiye, juumre winndugol walla caɗeele naatnugol keɓe. Waɗtu.
Alaa. Ina anndina ma senndugol ngol ina ooñii. Ƴeewtagol Geɗe Taarorde e mawneeje ooñol anndinta ma toon.
Weltaare e Matematik
Etu ɗum hoore maa adii. Kala jaabawol ina suuɗii; uddit ɗum so a heblii.
Taarorde seerotaarordeSeeroSuudu haako wootere nde hay pari njoɓdi fotndi, sappo e ɗiɗi walla kolon kuuɓataa; ko ɗum woni iwdi ɓural kasino. Ina noddee kadi: seero gooto, 0.Tar fof → ɗiɗi nde haalaa ina hollinoo sappo e ɗiɗipariSappo e ɗiɗi1–12, 13–24 walla 25–36, ina yoɓa 2:1.Tar fof → adannde ndee ina yalta laabi 742 e nder taarle 3 000. Ɗum ko seerɗe ndenndaaɗematematikSeerndu ndenndaanduRaasin karee wariyaas; ko woɗɗeende aadanteende njeñtudi e njaru fodaandu.Tar fof → njelu les hakkundeere ndee, taarorde peewnde ina waɗa ɗum laabi njelu?
Hollu jaabawol ngol
Jaabawol Hono seerɗe ndenndaaɗe 8,1 les. Taarorde peewnde ina waɗa ɗum hono laabi gooto e nder etaaɗe 3 × 10¹⁵, ɗum ko abada. Jaabawol yaltinaangol e naamnal ngal ina wiya 11,75; men keɓi 8,07.
Sappo e ɗiɗi adannde ndee ina jogii 12 e nder cuuɗikuutorɗeSuuduGootel e cuuɗi 37 limoraaɗi e rotoor. Ina noddee kadi: wenndu, kopp.Tar fof → 38. E taarle 3 000 ina jogii hakkundeere 3 000 × 12/38 = 947,4 hawrugol, e senndugol √(3 000 × 12/38 × 26/38) = 25,5.
742 ko 205,4 les hakkundeere ndee: 205,4/25,5 = 8,07 senndugol.
Taarorde peewnde ina ustoo senndugol tati hono laabi gooto e nder etaaɗe 740; senndugol jeetati, hono laabi gooto e nder 3 × 10¹⁵ (kuurtol Gauss, ɓerde wootere). Hay so ina limtee wonde tergal ngal tawii ko ɓuri bonde e nder sappo e ɗiɗi tati, ɗum waylataa hay huunde e ko foti. Njeñtudi hono ndii ina wiya taarorde ndee, walla limngal ngal, ko juumɗo. E taarorde seero gooto limngal gootal ngal ina wona senndugol 9,0 les (hakkundeere 973,0, senndugol 25,6).
Ƴeewndo weltinoowo
Taarorde peewnde wootere e noogaas ko “tiiɗnde”. Ko ɗum limoore ndee firti.
Iwdi
- Pearson, K. “On the criterion that a given system of deviations from the probable…”
- Feller, W. An Introduction to Probability Theory and Its Applications, Vol. 1.
- Wizard of Odds. “Ask the Wizard”, naamne ruleet.